About Ulaanbaatar: Ulaanbaatar is the only capital city with a below-freezing yearly average. It sits high and far from any sea, so winters are long and bitter. About half of Mongolia's people live in and around this chilly city. It is colder on average than Moscow, Reykjavík or Ottawa

Location: North-central Mongolia · Country: Mongolia · Temperature: The only capital with an average yearly temperature below 0°C · Why So Cold: High up, far inland, and shielded from the sea by mountains and deserts · Elevation: About 1,300 m (4,300 ft) above sea level · Nature: Cold grassy steppe ringed by mountains · Winter Lows: January nights can drop near −35°C (−31°F) · World Rank: The coldest national capital on Earth